Before you check the tds directly after the R/O, flush the membrane for several minutes.
For instance; if you have had the waste valve closed too far the membrane can get clogged up or fouled
do you have a pressure gauge on your system? if so whats the pressure? it sounds to me like the membrane is fouling, rather than the frost, would get to the bottom of the problem before you change it again.
That could be what X-line is on about.
You haven't said when you last changed your pre filters?
In the past I've changed my pre filters only to find that the new...I think it was the particulate filter...was faulty and caused a huge drop in water pressure at the membrane.
Of course, if you haven't changed the pre filters then that also could be the problem!
To eliminate the filters so that you can check JUST the membrane (especially if your pressure gauges are faulty (or non existent) remove the filters and re-fit the filter casings.
You can also remove and empty the resin casing too.
If you are worried about the likes of chlorine damaging your membrane, you can always leave that filter in place, as it is unlikely to be the fault of that filter.
Other than that, All as Paul has already said.
Ian